Glass-working apparatus.



A. E. SPANASSE.

GLASS WORKING APPARATUS.

y APPLICATION FILED Q01-.1 909. l 1,167,534'. Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

2 sHiTs-sHEET 1.

A. L KSPINASSEl GLASS WMKING APPARAws APPLICATION FILED OCT. I, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

WW1/Lawa o z GLASS-"WG Y" -n i uit i, ARTHUR in.

United ziates, in the ceunfv i Stute of Ohio, have inven i pim'emens im f Apparate@ of which die folio-M' dem'. und exact dessi-minion.

MY iix'entiou i'eizzie; gi: and drmviug 0i' limiten glass iii Civici' t0 it is ii 5- xpmin surf; n^ ture of glur :dong Certain f i'ies i thereby exphiinani'i dear up Pe scmities. which the Wmkes genei arf have onljrwueiy appreciated ne nature. of the is Very pesi and is Dr-ebahiy Leyen@ of' the :iS'eiage queme, most of 131 :wt have been cm2-k, some @f most u' them s faime. fthout cmtemplaiim like a thorough discumeimi of i Whish mui-d nm; pmyei-iy be. z Gut consuming ma u es, glass. ei'fii in i Solid st: :md stiiiwy com moleil siate iie, appeal" ieeuiizig; niogjeneeus mass. y lmdy any poitioi; 'Mieres v bring it i mouches Me ny i reneis iii mod t' f The @immense the vispoint of draw.

- l o1 continuously subjected to A, 51 1e-eli b3? piaci in he glass tion Withouz forming the glass im@ m zu livery euri o; 'ed gfiaiding ticle as it is chiiiefi, he honwffeiie if the me of L: i that p01'- nmss will fi'equen if! be ciesbroye. ewiiig th-J chiil ofthe the stiings and bei'e visible to "che naked di drm '15; operatien,

Within. die. ring eye. ow, for succ ul dfmving formed into the, cj'

re-heated t0 i This Whieh intime,

:iev it v fviiifh is o'rn mo rn, i seem logicala n iii hindi, bec-mise ai ,de 1:1. Anpaisliveiy me of cer dimly @es sable, nu* $0 chiii the buik time lifter the Chilling has set in.; be 111 "ne dass :it each dm* f 2 operation md il@ appeal if' ,it he bull( of die glass rmt ne ffiiefi. f invention may be cnm'pziisen Wil this Timing epi-tration endet a vondnziou intermediate of the i?" en. etnie, l" sind i'his stae of 'iiied iiisin'tegrmnimi. the ethe hand, if equaijv d keep die balance in its molten siate s@ iii it remains iien'; up 'to the se ting in Gf' the :Ximuve appr@ drawing' aren. nfloubejt l of perfection for drawing wiiin the 1the gli being fvme iut A Y me @yiineiz Since G a Certain Yiso i nnmmy i poor fzfmducore it Wi rof lthe 'film of the glass chilled and that the areal of this filmk is very small while the cylinder is actually being drawn. The chilling action cannot'penetrate to any appreciable extent below the surface of the bath.;` This natus rally occasions a great deal of delay and numerous other more important diicultxes.

- My invention. consists primarily' in chillv templates the ultimate bringing of the sur' face glass to just the ,proper degree of vis-v cosity for drawingfior stretching and each successive vsubstratu'rn correspondingly less Y viscous to a determinate depth.

My invention, therefore, resides in' segre gating without entirely separating a stratum of the'molten glass'and chilling thijs' egated portion, as a stratum, lwlthout c '1l-Jv 'ing kthebulk of the glass metal to anymaterial extent. '530 "a .segregatin element which 1s of aA v form to protect t e main body of the lass` lfrom the' cooling effect of the atmosp ere and which isY at the same time constructed r Further, my inventiony resides'in producwith pa leadin intogcon'tact with or rather contiguity to t e substrate. at various f points. Y

Still further, m inventioncontemplates .the utilization o l'a segreg'ating` element 'which is of such a form as to, itself, afford an anchorage fordrawing or stretchin the cylinder.A .his`last, I- preferablyobtaln bykhaving 'the lower'opening of the ring smaller than the drawing Qopenin of such ring. This last may be attained 1n different ways and the natural Way would seem to be the trending of the vertical wall ofthe ring to# ward horizontal. Variation of the relativerposition ofthe anchorage wall may' be` as regards the vertical' wall of thepotjorthe -horizontally trended wall. An` example of whatA is meant arises from the fa'cttlia't there is a. tendency to draw ak cylinder ,which is thick on 'the side away from the ,hot;' tank m1 aan on the Side adjacent the has;asfalt.'l Now, the potor ring may be shifted later-7 ally. This lateral-shifting will vary the frelation of the vertical wall of s uch pot or rin`-` 'to thefcylinderand therefore vary the ancorage and it will' also vary thevposi-l tion of the inclined or horizontally trended wall belowi'the surfacetoward or ,in relation to the "cylinder, 5which will vary the anchorage. Also it "v'vllbe apparent that the ancl iofriniggey may be varied by depression drawing' surface. My inventionA con-4 of this specification.

or elevation of the vseg'xregating element.

This is illustrative of the manner lin lwhich the thick-and-thin draw may beobvia ted.

'One other'feature of prime importance `results from a preferred form of segregating` element whichY I have shown-*1n the drawings and which results from a greater com letion of vthe Ahorizontal trend of.y the vertical walls of such segregating element.

It cannot but'. be realized that a completionA of this horizontal trend of the walls of the segregating element will result-in the for-5 mationof a plot which floats in a deepglass bath. But, t ishorizontal trend isr not completed althou h'nearly so. .It is 'sim ly incomplete to t e extent that thereis ileft an 'lliV underfeed aperture which is sufficiently large to permit a'constant iow into thepot 'so' formed' and yet which Ais suflci ntly small to knead andv amalgamate the inflowingv glass sous Vto produce a more homoen eous stratum-from which the cylinder is rawn. Thus -there results a constantly fed lpot mounted ina deep bath of molten lass and .affording all of the advanta es o the pot furnace or'successful externa pot and adding numerous features of improvement.,

Some of these features of im'rovement arise from the fact that no la ling need .be resorted to and no cleaning of the pots is necessary. Then there is one other feature of prime importance andthis arises from' the removal; of danger of breakage.

Then it willbevnoted by reference vtofon'e "of the figures f my drawingsrthat I have also'provided'an'clongated duct or conduit which not only makes for a more intimate mixture of my segregated strata of glass but takes the glass from a vzone of comparative purity and thencouducts it to the point of draw.` The underfeed, of anykind, is

.more calculated to insure4 pure glass for the I.

reason that all ofv the extraneous matter found floating on tho surface of the glass bath is eliminated. The effect is accentuated when the feed conduit is extended from a .zone in the glass which must be pure'.

. lOnevothcr feature ofimportance to note is the provision of'a segregating element of comparative buoyancy preferably rrendered so b A the prmusl'onof an' spaces l'n its lower sur ace.v It. is desirable to make the ring of such .form that it protrudcs as far as possible above the surface of the glass for y thisv means the height of thev chambers `"ii'nmedately surrounding* the scgregating element may be increased, it being desirable to have as great a body of hcat over surfaces in` this area'as possible.

lVith these 'and other incidental v'objects 1n view the Iinvention consists 1n certain novel arrangement 'of parts, a preferred' form of embodiment of which is shown in I the accompanying drawings .forming part inw/p34 In said drawings, Figure' l represents a vertical sectionalizedview showing a movable tant with sui-mounting hood, the tanli now to said dra ings, in Fig. onarj: hood 2O sui-mounts the l. rlhis tank is formed with in tnxents 22 and 23 at opposite zo ot' the tanl` the construction be- Vt the tanl maj,Y he. shifted late; tirs-t the compartment fo (as shown at 2s in dotted lines in i l and then the tanlt is shifted to 2;, tl 'o expose compartment for a si* operation. This Const-ruc- Li f :ribed more in detail in in v at'ore- The inner walls forming l e apartments are aportured at 2li 3J to parini of heat rtherethrough to contaot with the surface of the glass contained in the drawing' compartments and also into Contact with the ats 0r rings. Said 'floats 2i ro showt i i, being suitably held i ny ronenient means, if deexaniple as the projecting outer walls of the tank are apertures 30 through which Si for conveying heat 'to the ent and to the iioats. main eat pipe 32 has a flexible connecwith the aid pipes 3l so to pera lateral shitting ot the tank aforef describe the Various iorms of L :hat I have devised.I it being sul Lhat the various improvements embodied in theseconstructions may be utilize coniointly or separately if desired, .i f tor ne salie of olearness these improve` niente are shown :in-:l described separately.

in the operation of drawing glass from a quantity Hf the molten glassy a method rh has heretoiore been used consisted in n g ,orti-on et molten metal troni a Vtrui; to he poty or receptacle troni the article is to ha drawnt Such a the (pielitx et the glass ne' hubhles .riug, and niar- Furthermore, as the porsern ladled, is sonic-what oi Y v. this will produce a glass article with M correspondinglysuuneven producing what is Called thick anithin. ed i-"iiter eaeh succeeding operation the unused? f5 ma residue is sometimes very great and must be handled and remelted lt is one ol the aims of my invention to provide an iniproved means of securing a proper portion ot' the molten' glass for drawing` and to ove-reome these dillieulties, l -harc devised a form of pot or float, which will separate a portion of the molten glass and in so doing will preserve uniformity of density l also provide for heating this pot or float in sach manner as to give the molten glass the desired plasticity at anyv desired point below the surface. Various other advantages will flow from my improvements as will he apparent fromv a. detailed consideration of them as set forth below.

In Fig. 2 is shown what may hey termed a double-walled pot or float. The outer wall l0 and inner wall 4l are separated by intervening air chamber 'Tz are extended luirizontally inward to it'orin a double potshown in Fig. i2, thus le ing' an air chamber E beneath the inner pot. An aperture et permits the niolten glass to iiow upward `so as to till this inner pot with a. portion of the molten glass, and frointhis inner pot the drawiiig is effected. rl`his float placed on the surfaee ot' the drawing compartment containing the inolten q'lass and the @lass tiows throueh the C to i aperture 44 t0 fill the inner pot and thereby separate this portion et' the glass ier d iwing purposes. And the glass in the inner pot will then not vary in density as would be the case of ladliner into such a pot, and

sired point to reined) or adjust the ineaualities in temperature and plasticity. i-diustn1 nt having once been inane, as :there stated, this adgustinent will remain suii (aient Jfor continued drawing' without li necessity ot' Change, and in this manner th i thick and thin blemishes can he fliefl. This construction enables the hot`L i inner drawinglr pot to be heated as well the sides thereof. Ot oou it will he unn dei-stood that these pipes may he used. transmission of a cooling medium to an).v` desired point, it' it' he necessary' or desirahl to cool at such point. Anota r advantage of this construction that the drawing?Y pot is iilled from beneath the surface, therei'gv avoiding' Heating' impurities on the top et' the m0lten=gflass, which in the iadling procln order to arrange for confining the Said walls a,

iff() lilo heating 'to specified chambers'or locations, I havev devised partitions 46,/show'n in Fig. g 3, which intervene between the inner and` outer walls y41 and 40 and divide theside .air chamber 42 into a plurality ofsepaxatel compartments 47.A The heating or cooling pipes ,45 may then pass downward 'asv at 48, one being reserved for each compartment and thereby heating that particular point to the desiredl extentand independently of the others. n

I n Fig. -lthe inner aperture is shown enlarged so as to make a double walled ring' of substantially vertical sides.' These sides 50 and 51 are connected jat their lower ends by the circular bottom 52. .This provides the side air chamber 42 as above described and outer walls and thusmore securelycon; v

butthe inner pot from which. drawing is effected has no lower yor bottom wall with air chamber beneath it 'forheating l.

4In Fig. 5 I have'shon'n a double-walled ring having a circular cover 53 which may b'e used'To extendacross between the linner y filed October 304 19.09.

In Fig. I show the double-walled float having the outer wall and'il'uier. wall 61 with therlateral air chamber '6:5 vandthe lower aperture-(il lcadinginto the inner (i5. 'llle pipesli are for conducting'lieatm j or coolingmixture-sto the air chamber un pot. It will be observed that tlnrinner potr has its bottom wall-'67semi-sphericalshape y in order that. -itl'm'ny evenly. adjust itself yas l Fig. Vthis will not atl'ect-r thel drawing w ith inference to the l'evelof the glasi within the pot. 'lliat is, if thefllmit or pnt should get out of'levelvv (as indicated byjthe dotted line positions of Ythe bait and cylinder in depth of the glass within the inner pot, by

l reason of .this semi-spherical 'formation.-

This makes a sort of self-equalizing or selfadjusti'ng arrangement in case zthe float should forl any reason-'shift out ofv its ordi'- nary level. f

ln Fig. 47 is1shownform of-double f walled`float of theinvcrtcd type.the` oilter wall 7() and inner .wall 'T1-being o n at the bottom vinstead of the top, and being closed 'at the top to form the inclosed sidefair chamber 72. The air inclosed therein' will prevent the glass from rising up and filling' the same.

' In Fig. 8. is shown a float hawing monter wall 80, en intermediate wall 8l, with an intervening side .air chunben-Stl, and then an inner wall e3. The massima sa form an annular pot 84:, thus presenting a ring of molten glass for drawing,whiclr'portion is isolated from rthe outer mags of glass bythe circular' air chamber S2'and the inner hollow chamber 8,5. Apertures 86 conduct vthe moltenv glass from thebottom 'upp into`.tl1e

drawing chamber 84. Similar heating arj rangements may be utilized for the air chambers S2 and S5, f'desired.

In Fig. 9 the outer wall 90 andthe inner wall 91 form the usualside air chamber 92.

'lhe aperture 6i leads up into the inner Org drawing pot 65 'so as to supply molten glass to the inner pot and thereby isolate this por-- tion of the .glass for drawing purposes; andv the bottom wall 67 of said pot' 1s semi-spherical as above described in connection with Fig. (5.' '.lh'e spacing of the inner wall 91 and the tube forming theA aperture 64: results vin the formationof the inclosed airv chambers 68 which maintain aneven temperature and contact with the lower side of the 'bottom of the drawing pot 65.

In Fig. 10 the outer wall 100 is of materially greater thickness than the 'inner wall 101 for the purpose of equalizn' .the coeliicient of ex a'nsion of material o ywhich the' float is ma e,"the outer ring of course tendinner ring vowing; to the greater linear di mension of its peri hery.

1,1b allshow the outer wall amlinner wall 111, with side air chamber 112 sm'rounding. the interior porti-on of the molten glass from which the ing to expand to a greater extent than -the Figs. 11, 11 fan lass cvlinder 113 is to'be drawn .as shown 1n "dottuedelines. The inner wall' llllmsiteZ upper end bent over'to vform an kedge orrim 114. In Fig.' 11, the' glass cylinder is shown partly drawn and ready for separation; and

then iii-Fig. ,11'L the position of the'low'er with the rim114. InfFig.` llbthe inner 115l of the cylinder away fro'mithe glass mass and over the rim 114.` The cylinder is thus entirely separated from'gthe "mass of glass within the drawing pot andthe-'draw- .ing operationtherebycompleted lfor that particular cylinder by' means offthe-fa'scend- -mg moyennant. ofv thefgglass cy'lind'erafv The inner `wall*'111 and particnlarlyfthe; iin `114 1 f 'are mallit'ainedphotby 'means of suitable end of the glass Acylinder is shown' in dotted lines after compressed air has been intro@i duced within the cylinder, thus bringing the' 110 `llower wall 115 of the cylindei-j into contact f' '-lompressed air has forced the lower rim burners'. llrshown in Fig.' 11 anduiilized". i'

as above s'i'iggestc'd.' This latterproee'ss of if glass at the lower end of the cylindercould `.i

separating v'the cylinder from v'thel molten likewisellwutilized in'connection with the float suclras is shown in1"ig. 9" where-15kgi inner` drawing pot has la similar cuied z sigg surrounding the same. f i J page 1f l 1 v l T mbiuuon with zz, deep glass tank, l) :1 3- f `efd io 5102.3 in the 'glass in said M1113 the neor of said por being formed to 'be suoganta'y the s i 'nent of a l,Sphre an ha* 'ng an opmng in tho oottovv thel'e- 75 of 1 f L controlnf; agents im .ff

with a deep glass ank,

he pei-iphozjr o" pot. :1 'l e glass in said s@ Qu'pose CoM-ol kaok, the, iov ovac pot being ormd Sy of lle /io l maf; the Segment of n, Sphere an? suing the bottom their@ E :i deep ,of s all io in o'ecing he "v ci mpe'fe. tlv mixed quanti g5 ot beingnlso prrr Sd fio extend bea deep glass milk,

i; pot al td to fon h@ glass il said 9G tank, ith@ @rior of sin@ pot being formed i@ be "Losan'tiay im, segment oI" sphere and hf opcnfg in the bo'tom theregf smm '50 aid in effecting the.

of immai'oct Y mxoc quant-L id not being provided h1 air und udnrpod fave of ih@ moiteu mmol for uecthe s1. ture slrd point.

moolp'y ih '1 ture of h@ p glass firms m t be *1g segregate chum sions as to aid in effecting the comminglin` In testimony whereof I aix my signature ofk molten gla'ss4 as it passes through sai in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. opening'into the interior of the -pot during draw, and means adapted 'to engage the up- ARTHURE SPIN-ASSE", Y E-/per part of f' said t to maintaln said oat Witnesses: v f

pot'in suitable position relative to the d i'aw- HERBERT C. WOOD,

lng element or tool. 4 RoLLIN R. MCINTIRE, 

